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1.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 32(3): e2022796, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514119

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze temporal trends in mortality due to infectious respiratory disease in children under 12 years old in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2000 to 2020. Methods: this was an ecological study using data on infectious respiratory disease in children under 12 years old registered on the Mortality Information System; the variables studied were etiological agent, anatomical site of infection and sex; trends were analyzed by joinpoint regression. Results: of the 4,688 registered deaths, the etiological agent of the disease was unspecified for 84.5% of them, and 88% were due to lower respiratory tract infections; there was a decreasing trend in deaths and in the proportion of deaths due to unspecified etiologic agents; in 2020, there was an increase in deaths with viral etiology and systemic involvement. Conclusion: in addition to the change in the etiologic profile, there was a reduction in mortality due to infectious respiratory diseases in children, even considering 2020, the year of the COVID-19 pandemic.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las tendencias temporales de mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias infecciosas en niños de hasta 12 años incompletos en Minas Gerais, Brasil, de 2000 a 2020. Métodos: estudio ecológico con datos de muertes en niños de hasta 12 años incompletos, registradas en el Sistema de Información de Mortalidad; las variables estudiadas fueron: agente etiológico, sitio anatómico de infección y género; las tendencias se analizaron mediante la regresión jointpoint. Resultados: de las 4.688 muertes registradas, el 84,5% tenía un agente etiológico de la enfermedad no especificado y el 88% se debía a infecciones de las vías respiratorias bajas; hubo una tendencia decreciente en las muertes y en la proporción de muertes por agente no especificado; en 2020, hubo un aumento en el número de muertes de etiología viral y acometimiento sistémico. Conclusión: además del cambio en el perfil etiológico, hubo una reducción de la mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias infecciosas en niños, incluso considerando 2020, año de la pandemia de Covid-19.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as tendências temporais de mortalidade por doença respiratória infecciosa em crianças com até 12 anos incompletos, Minas Gerais, Brasil, de 2000 a 2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico dos óbitos por doença respiratória infecciosa em crianças com até 12 anos incompletos, registrados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade; as variáveis estudadas foram o agente etiológico, o sítio anatômico da infecção e o sexo; as tendências foram analisadas por regressão joinpoint. Resultados: dos 4.688 óbitos registrados, 84,5% tiveram agente etiológico não especificado e 88% decorreram de infecções nas vias aéreas inferiores; observou-se tendência decrescente nos óbitos e na proporção de óbitos provocados por agente etiológico não especificado; em 2020, houve incremento do número de óbitos de etiologia viral e de acometimento sistêmico. Conclusão: além da alteração no perfil etiológico, notou-se redução da mortalidade por doenças respiratórias infecciosas em crianças - mesmo em 2020, ano de pandemia de covid-19.

2.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 38: e38087, Jan.-Dec. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1397493

ABSTRACT

Photosystem-inhibiting herbicides, such as diquat, act by inducing oxidative stress. However, oxidative damage impairs translocation, resulting in regrowth of the plants. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of diquat in controlling the growth of sourgrass exposed to different periods of darkness after application of the herbicide, as well as to evaluate the photosynthetic activity and the production of reactive oxygen species. Two experiments (field and greenhouse) were conducted by applying diquat (200 g a.i. ha-1) on sourgrass plants at the 3 to 4 tiller stage. The treated plants were subjected to different periods of darkness after diquat application (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h), in addition to the control treatment without any application. Growth inhibition and mass evaluations of the sourgrass plants were performed in both experiments, whereas photosynthetic activity and H2O2 accumulation in the leaves were evaluated in the greenhouse experiment. The results showed an increase in the sourgrass growth inhibition with an increase in the period of darkness after application. There was a need for a minimum of 6 h of darkness after diquat application to fully inhibit growth (100%) of the sourgrass, whereas plants that remained in the sun since application exhibited less than 50% inhibition. The increase in the period of darkness after diquat application resulted in a reduction in photosynthetic activity and, consequently, lower accumulation of H2O2. Thus, the maintenance of sourgrass in the dark for at least 6 h enables total control of the growth of the plants, preventing regrowth.


Subject(s)
Oxidative Stress , Digitaria/growth & development , Weed Control , Herbicides
3.
HU rev ; 48: 1-9, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1379030

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Atualmente, a dengue gera um importante impacto sobre o bem-estar dos pacientes e a economia do sistema público de saúde. Nesse sentido, evidencia-se a necessidade da realização de estudos epidemiológicos de modo a auxiliar nas análises acerca da realidade estadual. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico da dengue em Minas Gerais, de 2009 a 2019. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional de caráter descritivo e quantitativo utilizando dados de notificações e internações obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação e do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares, a partir do TABNET. Calcularam-se taxas de letalidade, incidência e internação, utilizando dados demográficos do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde para os cálculos de incidência e internação. As variáveis de estudo foram: ano de ocorrência, macrorregião de residência, faixa etária, evolução e classificação clínica da doença, sexo, escolaridade e raça. Resultados: A dengue possui um caráter cíclico de incidência, e as taxas de letalidade e internação oscilam anualmente. As macrorregiões Centro, Triângulo do Sul, Noroeste, Oeste, Triângulo do Norte e Vale do Aço obtiveram elevadas taxas de incidência, e a macrorregião Leste a maior taxa de internação. A maioria dos casos de dengue foram classificados como "dengue clássica", e a classificação "dengue grave" foi a de menor incidência. Em relação à faixa etária, o intervalo de 15 a 39 anos apresentou maior taxa de incidência e menores taxas de letalidade e de internação, quando comparado à população idosa. Ademais, a evolução a óbito ocorreu mais frequentemente em indivíduos analfabetos. Conclusão: Os achados desse estudo elucidam o perfil epidemiológico da dengue em Minas Gerais, que se caracteriza por apresentar um padrão nacional cíclico de casos, manifestando-se principalmente de forma branda, mas com um acréscimo da morbimortalidade em analfabetos e idosos.


Introduction: Currently, dengue has an important impact on the well-being of patients and the economy of the public health system. In this sense, the need to carry out epidemiological studies is highlighted in order to assist in the analysis of the state's reality. Objective: To characterize the epidemiological profile of dengue in Minas Gerais, from 2009 to 2019. Material and Methods: Observational descriptive and quantitative study based on data on notifications and admissions obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System and the Hospital Information System, from TABNET. Rates of lethality, incidence and hospitalization were calculated using demographic data from the information technology department of the Unified Health System to calculate incidence and hospitalization. The study variables were: the year of occurrence, macro-region of residence, age group, evolution and clinical classification of the disease, gender, education and race. Results: Dengue has a cyclical nature of incidence, and lethality and hospitalization rates fluctuate annually. The Central, Southern Triangle, Northwest, West, Northern Triangle and Vale do Aço macro-regions had high incidence rates, and the Eastern macro-region had the highest hospitalization rate. Most dengue cases were classified as 'classic dengue', and the classification 'severe dengue' had the lowest incidence. Regarding the age group, the 15 to 39-year age group had a higher incidence rate and lower mortality and hospitalization rates, when compared to the elderly population. Furthermore, the evolution to death occurred more frequently in illiterate individuals. Conclusion: The findings of this study elucidate the epidemiological profile of dengue in Minas Gerais, which is characterized by presenting a cyclical national pattern of cases, manifesting itself mainly in a mild form, but with an increase in morbidity and mortality in illiterate and elderly people.


Subject(s)
Dengue , Health Profile , Information Systems , Public Health , Epidemiology , Severe Dengue , Public Health Surveillance , Statistical Data
4.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(3): 1000-1008, May-June, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1129715

ABSTRACT

The addition of different oil blends in the feed of finishing pigs was evaluated. Twenty-four castrated male finishing pigs were used in a randomized block design containing four treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of: Reference ration (RR) - 100% soybean oil feed; and the combination of the different oils: Blend1 - 50.0% soybean oil (SO), 25.0% flaxseed oil (FO), 12.5% olive oil (OO) and 12.5% canola oil (CO); Blend2 - 25.0% SO, 50.0% FO, 12.5% OO and 12.5% CO; and Blend3 - 25.0% SO, 12.5% FO, 12.5% OO and 50.0% CO. The performance, quantitative and qualitative carcass parameters, fatty acids profile and economic feasibility of the diets were evaluated. The use of blends in the diets did not influence the performance or carcass quality, but increased marbling and carcass yield. The fatty acid profile of the loin presented greater amounts of stearic acid in Blend3 and higher percentage of unsaturated fatty acids in animals fed with Blend1. The fatty tissue presented greater amounts of myristic acid in Blend1 and oleic acid in Blend3. The reference ration was the most economic. The Blends did not affect performance or carcass characteristics and improved the fatty acid profile.(AU)


Foi avaliada a utilização de diferentes blends de óleo em dietas de suínos em terminação. Foram utilizados 24 suínos, machos, castrados, distribuídos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de: ração referência (RR) - 100% de ração com utilização de óleo de soja; e a combinação de diferentes óleos: Blend1 - 50,0% de óleo de soja (OS), 25,0% de óleo de linhaça (OL), 12,5% de óleo de oliva (OO) e 12,5% de óleo de canola (OC); Blend2 - 25,0% OS; 50,0% OL; 12,5% OO e 12,5% OC; e Blend3 - 25,0% OS; 12,5% OL; 12,5% OO e 50,0% OC. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho, a qualidade de carcaça, o perfil de ácidos graxos e a viabilidade econômica. O uso de blends nas dietas não influenciou o desempenho ou a qualidade da carcaça, mas aumentou o marmoreio e o rendimento de carcaça. O perfil de ácidos graxos do lombo apresentou maiores quantidades de ácido esteárico com a utilização do Blend3 e maior porcentagem de ácidos graxos insaturados nos animais alimentados com o Blend1. O tecido adiposo apresentou maiores quantidades de ácido mirístico quando se forneceu o Blend1 e de ácido oleico com o Blend3. A ração testemunha foi a mais econômica. As misturas não afetaram o desempenho e as características de carcaça e melhoraram o perfil de ácidos graxos da carne.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Swine/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/administration & dosage , Linoleic Acid , Fatty Acids/metabolism , Food, Fortified
5.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 42(1): 69-79, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890671

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT In the past decades, desert rose has become a very popular ornamental plant, especially among collectors, due to its exotic and sculptural forms. However, it has been grown on a commercial scale only recently, and little is known about how to best manage it as a container-grown plant, or even which potting medium (substrate) to recommend. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between potting media and irrigation levels for growing desert rose as a potted ornamental plant. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a 6 x 2 factorial arrangement with six replications, six potting media and two irrigation levels. The mixes were characterized by measuring their physical properties, specifically the density and water retention capacity (WRC), as well as chemical properties, such as the pH and electrical conductivity (EC). After 210 days, plant growth and plant water consumption were evaluated and measured. A lower dry density for the vermiculite mixes was observed in comparison to that for the sand mixes. However, WRC ranged from 428 to 528 mL L-1 among the mixes, values considered close to ideal. In general, plant growth exhibited higher increases in mixes consisting of coconut fiber + sand or vermiculite, regardless of the irrigation level. Mixes of vermiculite + coconut fiber and sand + coconut fiber can be used to grow desert rose in pots, as long as irrigation is used to maintain the moisture content of the potting medium (mix) between 60-70% and 80-90% of the WRC.


RESUMO Na última década a rosa do deserto ganhou destaque no mercado de flores, principalmente entre colecionadores, devido às suas formas exóticas e esculturais; porém, o cultivo da espécie em escala comercial é bastante recente e pouco se sabe acerca do manejo da cultura, inclusive no que diz respeito à recomendação de substratos. Assim, objetiva-se nesse trabalho estudar a interação entre substratos e níveis de irrigação no desenvolvimento de rosa do deserto em vaso. Conduziu-se o experimento em casa de vegetação em esquema fatorial 6 x 2, com seis repetições, adotando-se seis substratos e dois níveis de irrigação. As misturas foram caracterizadas mensurando-se suas propriedades físicas (densidade e capacidade de retenção de água - CRA) e químicas (pH e condutividade elétrica - CE). Aos 210 dias de cultivo avaliou-se o crescimento das plantas; além do consumo de água pela cultura. Para as misturas compostas por vermiculita verificou-se menor densidade seca em relação às compostas por areia; no entanto, a CRA variou de 428 a 528 mL L-1 entre as misturas, valores próximos aos considerados ideais. De modo geral, o crescimento das plantas teve maiores incrementos nas misturas compostas por fibra de coco mais areia ou vermiculita, independente do nível de irrigação. As misturas vermiculita + fibra de coco e areia + fibra de coco podem ser empregadas para o cultivo em vaso de rosa do deserto, quando se mantiver os níveis de irrigação entre 60-70% e 80-90% da CRA das misturas.

6.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 65(2): 485-489, abr. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-673125

ABSTRACT

Avaliou-se o efeito de dietas distintas sobre o comportamento ingestivo (alimentação, ruminação e ócio) em ovinos. Dezesseis carneiros, castrados, confinados em gaiolas de metabolismo, com peso médio de 45,1kg, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos: T1- silagem de cana + concentrado; T2- silagem de cana + concentrado + 15% de caroço de algodão; T3- silagem de cana e T4- feno de Tifton 85. Os animais foram submetidos à observação visual durante 24 horas a intervalos de 10 minutos. Houve diferença entre os tratamentos com relação aos tempos despendidos com alimentação e ócio, sendo que o tratamento com feno de Tifton 85 apresentou os mais altos valores, 6,04 h/dia, para o tempo de alimentação, e os mais baixos valores para o tempo de ócio, 7,50 h/dia.


The effects of different diets on the ingestive feeding behavior in wethers (feeding, ruminating and idle) were evaluated. Sixteen wethers with an average weight of 45.1kg were housed in metabolic cages and were randomly assigned to four treatments (T1- sugarcane silage + concentrate; T2- sugarcane silage + concentrate + 15% whole cottonseed; T3- sugarcane and T4- hay Tifton 85). The ingestive behavior was assessed by visual observation at 10 minute intervals for 24 hours. There were differences between treatments for time spent feeding and idle, and the treatment with Tifton 85 hay showed the highest values for feeding time, 6.04 h/day, and lower values for idle time, 7.50h/day.


Subject(s)
Animals , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Dietary Fiber/metabolism , Animal Feed , Sheep
7.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 45(10): 891-897, Oct. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-647746

ABSTRACT

Polymorphisms of hormone receptor genes have been linked to modifications in reproductive factors and to an increased risk of breast cancer (BC). In the present study, we have determined the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the ERα-397 PvuII C/T, ERα-351 XbaI A/G and PGR PROGINS polymorphisms and investigated their relationship with mammographic density, body mass index (BMI) and other risk factors for BC. A consecutive and unselected sample of 750 Brazilian BC-unaffected women enrolled in a mammography screening program was recruited. The distribution of PGR PROGINS genotypic frequencies was 72.5, 25.5 and 2.0% for A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2, respectively, which was equivalent to that encountered in other studies with healthy women. The distribution of ERα genotypes was: ERα-397 PvuII C/T: 32.3% TT, 47.5% TC, and 20.2% CC; ERα-351 XbaI A/G: 46.3% AA, 41.7% AG and 12.0% GG. ERα haplotypes were 53.5% PX, 14.3% Px, 0.3% pX, and 32.0% px. These were significantly different from most previously published reports worldwide (P < 0.05). Overall, the PGR PROGINS genotypes A2A2 and A1A2 were associated with fatty and moderately fatty breast tissue. The same genotypes were also associated with a high BMI in postmenopausal women. In addition, the ERα-351 XbaI GG genotype was associated with menarche ≥12 years (P = 0.02). ERα and PGR polymorphisms have a phenotypic effect and may play an important role in BC risk determination. Finally, if confirmed in BC patients, these associations could have important implications for mammographic screening and strategies and may be helpful to identify women at higher risk for the disease.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific/genetics , Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Receptors, Progesterone/genetics , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Gene Frequency , Genotype , Mammary Glands, Human/abnormalities , Prevalence , Risk Factors
8.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 44(4): 291-296, Apr. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-581488

ABSTRACT

Several studies have identified the single nucleotide polymorphism STK15 F31I as a low-penetrance risk allele for breast cancer, but its prevalence and risk association in the Brazilian population have not been determined. The goal of this study was to identify the frequency of this polymorphism in the Brazilian setting. Considering the high degree of admixture of our population, it is of fundamental importance to validate the results already reported in the literature and also to verify the relationship between this variant and breast cancer risk. A total of 750 women without breast cancer were genotyped using the TaqMan PCR assay for STK15 F31I polymorphism. Clinical information was obtained from review of the medical records and mammographic density from the images obtained using the BI-RADS System. The estimated risk of developing cancer was calculated according to the Gail model. The genotypic frequencies observed in this study were 4.5, 38.7, and 56.6 percent, respectively, for the STK15 F31I AA, AT and TT genotypes. The AT and AA genotypes were encountered significantly more often in premenopausal women with moderately dense, dense and heterogeneously dense breast tissue (P = 0.023). In addition, the presence of the TT genotype was significantly associated with age at menarche ≥12 years (P = 0.023). High mammographic density, associated with increased breast cancer risk, was encountered more frequently in premenopausal women with the risk genotypes STK15 F31I AA and AT. The genotypic frequencies observed in our Brazilian sample were similar to those described in other predominantly European populations.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Mammography , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/enzymology , Breast Neoplasms , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Risk Factors
9.
Braz. dent. sci ; 14(1/2): 62-66, 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-642714

ABSTRACT

As populações remanescentes de quilombos tiveram seu direito à propriedade das terras que ocupam garantido pelo Art.68 dos Atos das Disposições Transitórias da Constituição Federal, de 1988. Entretanto, essas populações ainda enfrentam dificuldades de acesso a serviços essenciais como os de saúde. A proposta desta pesquisa é apresentar dados referentes ao acesso ao serviço odontológico e estimar a necessidade da confecção de prótese dentária na população quilombola de Santo Antônio do Guaporé, Rondônia, Brasil. No presente trabalho foi realizado um estudo transversal seguindo a metodologia sugerida pelo Projeto SB Brasil, Levantamento das Condições de Saúde Bucal da População Brasileira 2003. Foram examinadas 29 pessoas com idade superior a 12 anos. Da amostra total, 62,1% consultaram o dentista pelo menos uma vez; 37,9% consultaram havia mais de três anos e 41,4% foram atendidas no serviço público. Para 58,6% dos examinados, o motivo da consulta foi a dor e 44,8% avaliaram o atendimento como bom. Em relação à necessidade de prótese, 48,3% necessitavam apenas de prótese superior e 72,4% apenas de prótese inferior; 17,2% necessitavam da combinação de próteses removível e fixa superior e 13,8% inferior. Os dados apontam a dificuldade das condições de acesso ao serviço odontológico, bem como a precariedade das condições bucais, marcadas pela necessidade de tratamento reabilitador


The quilombos¹ remaining population had their land property rights guaranteed by article 68 of the 1988 Constitution Transitory Dispositions; however, this population still faces problems of access to essential services like health. The objective of this paper is to present data about access to odontology services and to estimate the need for the making of dental prosthetics for the quilombolas of Santo Antonio do Guaporé, Rondonia. A cross section analysis was developed, according to the methodology proposed by the “Projeto SB Brasil” (SB Brasil Project), Survey of Mouth Health Conditions of Brazilian Population. 29 quilombolas (age:12 years-old and over) were examined. 62,1% of the total sample had attended a dentist at least once; 37.9% had had their last visit to a dentist more than 3 years before. 41.4% had been treated by a public service office. To 58.6%, the reason for having gone to the dentist was “pain” and 44.8% rated care as “Good”. 48.3% needed prosthetics only on the upper jaw; 72.4% only on the lower jaw; 17.2% needed removable and permanent prosthetics on the upper jaw and 13.8% on the lower one. The collected information show the difficult access conditions to odontology assistance, precarious dental conditions and the need for rehabilitation treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dental Prosthesis , Oral Health , Vulnerable Populations
12.
São Paulo; SMS; 2000. 1 p.
Non-conventional in English | LILACS, ColecionaSUS, COVISA-Producao, SMS-SP, SMS-SP | ID: biblio-937570
13.
Cir. vasc. angiol ; 11(4): 86-91, dez. 1995. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-165659

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os resultado tardios da derivaçào aortofemoral feita em casos de doença obstrutiva com seguimento de até 15 anos. De 1970 a 1991 foram feitas 274 derivaçöes aortoilíaco-femorais com prótese. O quadro clínico era de claudicaçäo intermitente em 51 por cento e de isquemia grave m 48 por cento. Os resultados foram avaliados com o uso de numerosas variáveis: funçäo primária (V1) e secundária (V2); isquemia terminal (V3); sobrevida (V4); ausência de morte vascular (V5)de aneurisma anastomótico (V6) ou de infecçào da prótese (V7). combinaçöes apropriadas de V1 a V5 resultaram em outras variáveis como V432 e V532, definidas pela ocorrência de V1 a V5 conforme o caso. Os resultados foram descritos pelo método de Kaplan-Meier. O benefício para o paciente foi estimado a cinco, dez, e 15 anos como sendo de 38 por cento, 27 por cento e 5 por cento, de acordo com V432 e ao nível de 51 por cento, 42 por cento e 11 por cento de acordo com V532. Nos mesmos intervalos de tempo, 6assumiou os valores de 95 por cento, 87 por cento e 59 por cento e V7 foi estimado em 94 por cento, 83 por cento e 83 por cento. Conclui-se que: 1) O benefício para os pacientes foi limitado. 2) As complicaçöes específicas das próteses näo foram raras. 3) A derivaçäo aortofemoral com prótese deve ser indicada de modo mais seletivo.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Graft Occlusion, Vascular , Infections
14.
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